Regardless of the biology course you are studying, enzymes will feature at some point. These biological catalysts are required for almost every biochemical reaction that happens in living cells.
Various factors affect the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction, including temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration and the presence of inhibitors. In experiments investigating the effect of changing one of these (independent) variables on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction (the dependent variable) it is essential to make sure all the other (control) variables are kept the same throughout the experiment. This ensures that it is only the independent variable that affects the dependent variable.
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