Massimo Brega/Look at sciences/Science Photo Library
Sleep research got going in the late 1950s when it was discovered that an objective method could identify a particular mental state. That mental state was dreaming, and the objective method consisted of sticking electrodes on a person’s scalp to measure brain waves, electrodes near the eyes to measure eye movement and electrodes on the chin to measure muscle tone.
Using these recording techniques the following sleep stages were identified:
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