Figure 1 A normal male karyotype (XY). There are two copies of each chromosome (apart from the X and Y in a male). These pairs are known as homologues. The chromosomes are identified by their size, shape and the banding pattern (achieved by staining in the laboratory). The chromosomes are not lined up nicely like this when we look at them through a microscope — these have been cut out from a picture such as that shown in Figure 3 and paired. ×2000
JESS GABRIEL
Genetics
Genetic counselling
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